Tag Archive for: FFPE

KRAS mutations in Breast cancer may be treatable

For decades, mutations in #KRAS have been known to cause cancers in multiple organs and the gene KRAS itself was considered ‘undruggable’. Of the many mutations, KRAS-G12C is known to occur in nearly 13% of #NSCLC cases. There were no known treatments that can target KRAS-G12C mutation until recently. May 2021 heralded the #fdaapproval of Sotorasib, granted to #amgen, for treatment of #lungcancer with the G12C mutation in KRAS. Exciting results showed a reduction in tumour burden in more than 37% of the trial participants. This paves the way for testing the efficacy of the drug in multiple other cancers harbouring this driver mutation.
Our data identified nearly 7.8% of breast cancer #FFPE samples bearing the KRAS-G12C mutation, bringing hope of this #drug to people with #breastcancer.

May is Brain cancer awareness month

According to Global Cancer Observatory (www.gco.iarc.fr), #braincancer contributed to 2.4% of all cancers in India during 2020. They ranked 14th in the number of cases (31,460), but 10th in the number of deaths (26656) due to cancers in 2020.
To tackle this deadly cancer, Sapien has collated FFPE blocks, flash frozen #tissue, live primary cells from many #braintumors to enable #drugscreening, validation of new #drugtargets and #glioma #biomarkers.
We will be sharing our brain cancer research and resources through May, starting with this slide on our #FFPE blocks with matched #RWE data from 1 of our many hospitals.

www.indiancancersociety.org; www.cancer.gov/types/brain;

Colorectal cancer Awareness – Choice of surgery

Colorectal cancer, also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer, is any cancer that affects the colon and the rectum. The American Cancer Society estimate that about 1 in 21 men and 1 in 23 women in the United States will develop colorectal cancer during their lifetime. It is the second leading cause of cancer death in women, and the third for men. However, due to advances in screening techniques and improvements in treatments, the death rate from colorectal cancer has been falling. Colorectal cancer may be benign, or non-cancerous, or malignant. A malignant cancer can spread to other parts of the body and damage them.

Colorectal cancer Awareness – Preventable, Treatable, Beatable

Colorectal cancer, also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer, is any cancer that affects the colon and the rectum. The American Cancer Society estimate that about 1 in 21 men and 1 in 23 women in the United States will develop colorectal cancer during their lifetime. It is the second leading cause of cancer death in women, and the third for men. However, due to advances in screening techniques and improvements in treatments, the death rate from colorectal cancer has been falling. Colorectal cancer may be benign, or non-cancerous, or malignant. A malignant cancer can spread to other parts of the body and damage them.

Recurrence in Kidney Cancer

Kidney cancer most often spreads to lungs and bones, but it can also spread to brain, liver, and other organs. As it has no symptoms early on, it can spread before you even know you have it. Smoking tobacco doubles the risk of developing kidney cancer. Prevention of metastatic kidney cancer can be done by quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy body weight & eating a diet high in fruits & vegetables & low in fat. If cancer has not spread far, surgery may be a cure. If it has spread to other organs, then treatment like targeted therapy and Immunotherapy will be recommended.

 

 

Treatment for Kidney Cancer

Kidney cancer is most often treated with Surgery, Chemotherapy, Targeted therapy, Immunotherapy, Radiation therapy or combination of these treatments. Treatment options and recommendations depend on several factors, including the cell type and stage of cancer, possible side effects and the patient’s preferences and overall health. For most kidney cancers, surgery is the initial treatment. The goal of surgery is to remove the tumor while preserving normal kidney function. The type of surgery done to remove the tumor is Radical Nephrectomy & Partial Nephrectomy.

Types of Kidney Cancer

In India, the incidence of kidney cancer is about 2/100,000 population in males and among females, it is nearly 1/100,000 population. Renal cell carcinoma is the most common cancer type of the Kidney cancer accounting for 80 – 85 per cent. The most common sub type of RCCis Clear cell, which accounts for 75 per cent of the cases and has a better survival as compared to non – clear cell subtype (papillary & chromophobe type). The rarer subtypes are collecting duct carcinomas & renal medullary carcinomas. Oncocytoma is a slow-growing type of kidney cancer. Angiomyolipoma are the most common benign tumor but presence of epithelioid cells can lead to cancer. Renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid or rhabdoid features are very aggressive and have very short survival rates.

Mutations in Lung Cancer Driving Targeted Therapy

In recent years, personalized medicine has begun to bring new hope to people with lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer. Personalized medicine involves looking at the cells obtained from a biopsy to see if there are any genetic mutations — changes in your genes — that could be linked to the type of cancer you have. Because certain chemotherapy drugs are either more or less effective than others against tumors with specific mutations, molecular analysis of your tumor, also called genomic testing, can help determine which therapies will be most likely to benefit you. The most common genetic changes that are tested for in lung cancer are in the genes EGFR, ALK, ROS, PDL 1 and KRAS.

Lung Cancer Surgeries – A rare route of hope

Treatment options and recommendations for lung cancer depend on several factors, including the type and stage of cancer, possible side effects, and the patient’s preferences and overall health. There are 5 main ways to treat lung cancer : Surgery, Radiation therapy, Chemotherapy, Targeted therapy, Immunotherapy. The goal of surgery is to completely remove the lung tumor and the nearby lymph nodes. The following types of surgery may be used in non small cell lung cancer, aka NSCLC: Lobectomy, A wedge resection, Segmentectomy, Pneumonectomy.

Metastatic Lung Cancer-Finding cure starts with awareness

Having lung cancer or a history of lung cancer, is the cause for lung cancer metastases. Cancer that metastasizes to the lungs is a life-threatening condition that develops when cancer in another area of the body (primary organ such as breast), spreads to the lung. Prevention of metastatic lung cancer can be done by avoiding the risk factors of primary lung cancer such as smoking or chewing tobacco, or prompt and successful treatment of your primary cancer. Awareness, early detection and timely treatment are vital for preventing the spread of lung cancer.